{"id":7946,"date":"2025-07-04T21:42:46","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T19:42:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valgrai.eu\/2025\/07\/04\/hernandez-orallo-disecciona-la-inteligencia-artificial-y-gottlob-la-psicoanaliza-en-el-vscf-2025\/"},"modified":"2025-07-04T22:45:53","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T20:45:53","slug":"hernandez-orallo-disecciona-la-inteligencia-artificial-y-gottlob-la-psicoanaliza-en-el-vscf-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valgrai.eu\/en\/2025\/07\/04\/hernandez-orallo-disecciona-la-inteligencia-artificial-y-gottlob-la-psicoanaliza-en-el-vscf-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Hernandez Orallo dissects Artificial Intelligence and Gottlob psychoanalyses it in the VSCF 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Faculty of Fine Arts of the Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV) today hosted the opening of the IV ValgrAI Scientific Council Forum (VSCF), an annual event that promotes dialogue between science, business and institutions to analyse the present and future of artificial intelligence. Organised by the ValgrAI Foundation, the forum brought together more than 300 attendees in a multidisciplinary day that focused on the responsible, transparent and transformative application of AI.<\/p>\n

The institutional welcome was given by Ana Cidad, Managing Director of ValgrAI; Vicent Botti, General Director; and Inma Romero, Director of the Library, Documentation and Open Science Area of the Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia. All three agreed on ValgrAI’s commitment to artificial intelligence that not only advances technically, but also serves to improve the lives of people and the environments they inhabit.<\/p>\n

The first keynote of the day was given by ValgrAI, UPV and University of Cambridge researcher Jos\u00e9 Hern\u00e1ndez Orallo, one of the most authoritative voices in the field of artificial intelligence evaluation. In his talk, entitled \u2018AI Evaluation with Explanatory and Predictive Power\u2019, the UPV researcher stressed the need to go beyond traditional metrics – based on hits or static benchmarks – to move towards evaluation systems that explain the performance of models, predict their behaviour in new situations and allow them to be robustly compared with human capabilities.<\/p>\n

Hern\u00e1ndez Orallo has presented tools such as DeLeAn and ADeLe, which allow for a more granular analysis of the cognitive abilities exhibited by an AI, and to understand what kind of generalisation it performs. This perspective is not only crucial for designing safer and more efficient systems, but also for building more understandable and auditable AI. \u2018We need to stop simply asking whether a system gets it right and start asking why it gets it right,\u2019 he concluded.<\/p>\n

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The future of Artificial Intelligence<\/strong><\/p>\n

The block entitled \u2018The Future of AI: ValgrAI Researchers\u2019 was one of the most stimulating moments of the day, with the participation of ten pre- and post-doctoral researchers from Valencian universities, who shared cutting-edge projects with a high social impact, many of them developed in collaboration with medical, educational and industrial centres. These interventions demonstrated how the ValgrAI ecosystem is training a new generation of scientists with an applied, rigorous and committed approach.<\/p>\n

Behzad Mehrbakhsh (UPV) opened the block with his study on the \u2018Contamination Budget\u2019, a theoretical model that analyses how different levels of noise or contamination in training data affect the performance of AI models. His research proposes an evaluation framework to understand the trade-offs between breadth, depth and difficulty in learning systems. Luc\u00eda G\u00f3mez (HealthTech-UPV) presented a multimodal depression detection system using voice, language and facial expression analysis in simulated conversations with virtual humans. Her proposal demonstrates how AI can help detect complex emotional states in a non-invasive and personalised way. Salvador L\u00f3pez Barajas (UJI) shared the advances of his research in underwater robotics, entitled \u2018From Perception to Grasp\u2019, where artificial intelligence is applied to enable autonomous robots to detect, recognise and manipulate underwater objects. A key technical challenge for sectors such as ocean exploration, infrastructure maintenance or environmental conservation.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, Carlos S. Galindo (VRAIN-UPV) presented an efficient solution for the automatic extraction of main content and comments in heterogeneous web pages, based on structural analysis of the DOM. His algorithm outperforms other existing methods in speed and accuracy, being of great use for feeding language models or data curation systems. Vicente Quiles (UMH) has impressed with NeuroRunner, a neurorehabilitative mind-controlled video game developed using a brain-machine interface based on EEG signals. Its use makes it possible to personalise cognitive and physical treatment in patients with neurological injuries, making rehabilitation more accessible and motivating; and Carlos Aliaga Torr\u00f3 (VRAIN-UPV) presented AMAIA-EPO, a multimodal adaptive architecture with intelligent agents for the optimisation of the educational process. The system acts as a pedagogical assistant that analyses student interactions and adjusts didactic resources in real time, thus reinforcing the personalisation of learning.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, Carlos S. Galindo (VRAIN-UPV) has presented an efficient solution for the automatic extraction of main content and comments in heterogeneous web pages, based on structural analysis of the DOM. His algorithm outperforms other existing methods in speed and accuracy, being of great use for feeding language models or data curation systems. Vicente Quiles (UMH) has impressed with NeuroRunner, a neurorehabilitative mind-controlled video game developed using a brain-machine interface based on EEG signals. Its use makes it possible to personalise cognitive and physical treatment in patients with neurological injuries, making rehabilitation more accessible and motivating; and Carlos Aliaga Torr\u00f3 (VRAIN-UPV) presented AMAIA-EPO, a multimodal adaptive architecture with intelligent agents for the optimisation of the educational process. The system acts as a pedagogical assistant that analyses student interactions and adjusts didactic resources in real time, thus reinforcing the personalisation of learning.<\/p>\n

In addition, Sergio G\u00f3mez (PHRLT-UPV) has introduced a Python toolkit for the automated evaluation of language models (LLMs), developed within the ARCHER project. The tool standardises benchmarking processes, improves transparency and allows to compare the performance of models in complex tasks in a reproducible way. Ana Sierra Garc\u00eda (HealthTech-UPV) showed the results of a pioneering study on electrical and metabolic brain activity during motor imagination, both in healthy people and in patients with altered consciousness. Through the combined use of EEG and fNIRS, their system makes it possible to explore new avenues for neurological diagnosis without the need for motor responses, and Sandra Goizueta Berheide (HealthTech-UPV) has presented a project to assess covert awareness in patients with severe brain damage, using AI to analyse physiological responses to personalised emotional stimuli. Its method allows for the detection of cognitive activity signals that escape conventional clinical tests.<\/p>\n

Rodrigo Barriga Porras (HealthTech-UPV) concluded the session with a retrospective study using machine learning to predict the level of functional independence in patients with traumatic brain injury or stroke. Based on variables collected during the first six months of rehabilitation, his model enables highly accurate forecasts of long-term outcomes and supports the planning of personalized treatments.<\/p>\n

Following this, it was the turn of the companies, which highlighted their success stories in the application of AI. This segment showcased the growing maturity of AI as applied in key sectors for the economy and social well-being.<\/p>\n

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Luis B\u00fardalo, representing S2 Grupo, delivered a talk in which he warned about the increasing digital threats in a context where AI can be both part of the problem and part of the solution. He presented how S2 Grupo uses AI to detect cyberattacks in real time, automate incident response, and strengthen the resilience of critical infrastructures through platforms such as GLORIA and CARMEN. He emphasized that, despite the power of AI, the human factor remains essential.<\/p>\n

Manuel Herranz, CEO of Pangeanic, advocated for a more democratic and sustainable AI model in his presentation \u201cThe AI That Works: Small Models for Big Problems.\u201d In contrast to the dominant trend toward large, centralized models, Pangeanic is committed to Small Language Models (SLMs) trained for specific tasks, offering better energy performance, technological autonomy, and greater privacy.<\/p>\n

From Nunsys Group, Katherin Orozco introduced NARRATE: Intelligent Manufacturing Custodian, a platform that transforms factories into intelligent organisms capable of adapting in real time to changes in demand, logistical disruptions, or emergencies. This solution combines AI, big data, digital twins, and IoT to enhance the resilience, sustainability, and energy efficiency of European industry. Use cases in sectors such as semiconductors and additive manufacturing illustrated its potential.<\/p>\n

In the field of water management, Cristina Baixauli from Hidraqua demonstrated how AI is already being used in critical operations to optimize processes and reduce environmental impact. Her presentation, \u201cArtificial Intelligence at the Service of Sustainability in Water Management,\u201d covered everything from predictive models to anticipate turbidity or leaks, to computer vision systems that detect solid waste or issue alerts for marine intrusions in coastal treatment plants.<\/p>\n

Jos\u00e9 Vicente Cerc\u00f3s, from Idrica, presented the project \u201cFrom Data to Decisions,\u201d based on the Xylem Vue platform powered by GoAigua. This solution integrates real-time data from sensors, SCADA, and GIS to deliver advanced predictions, prescriptive analytics, and automated decision-making across the entire water cycle. Cerc\u00f3s highlighted how this approach is helping to reduce losses, prevent flooding, and anticipate critical scenarios with high accuracy.<\/p>\n

Lastly, Pablo Fern\u00e1ndez, Head of Innovation at Bale\u00e0ria, outlined the shipping company\u2019s commitment to sustainable digital transformation and detailed how they are applying AI to route optimization, energy consumption forecasting, emissions control, and preventive maintenance, as well as in the development of digital twins for their vessels. He also introduced the Bale\u00e0ria AI Lab as an open innovation ecosystem involving universities and research centers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Gottlob Closes the Day with a \u201cPsychoanalysis\u201d of ChatGPT<\/strong><\/p>\n

The second keynote of the day was delivered by renowned researcher Georg Gottlob (University of Oxford and University of Calabria), who offered a critical yet constructive perspective on generative language models like ChatGPT, under the provocative title \u201cPsychoanalysis (and Therapy) of ChatGPT.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Gottlob demonstrated how these models, despite their astonishing linguistic capabilities, exhibit systematic errors, undetected biases, and a tendency to “hallucinate” information\u2014fabricating facts or references. He questioned the blind trust sometimes placed in such systems and introduced a solution: Chat2Data<\/strong>, a system of intelligent agents that breaks down complex tasks into verifiable subtasks, with built-in mechanisms for review, cross-validation, and traceability. This approach aims to align AI advancements with the demands for truthfulness and control in scientific, legal, or administrative settings.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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The event concluded with a roundtable discussion moderated by Ramon L\u00f3pez de Mantaras (CSIC), featuring international figures such as Carme Torras (CSIC), Tom Dietterich (Oregon State University), and Georg Gottlob himself. The session focused on the scientific, ethical, and social challenges posed by AI, addressing topics ranging from transparency in research to the urgent need for strong and democratic governance of these technologies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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